SPR's Rigorous Approach to Documenting Paranormal Phenomena - Episode Hero Image

SPR's Rigorous Approach to Documenting Paranormal Phenomena

Original Title:

TL;DR

  • The Society for Psychical Research (SPR) functions as a neutral institution, neither believer nor skeptic, dedicated to scientifically logging and investigating paranormal claims, fostering an environment for exchanging research and experiences.
  • The SPR's historical approach, exemplified by Tony Cornell, involved rigorous investigation of spontaneous cases and a willingness to admit when phenomena defied rational explanation, a stance that required significant self-discipline and confidence.
  • Early SPR investigations into phenomena like "crisis cases" involved longitudinal data analysis of tens of thousands of stories, cross-referenced with mortality rates, to determine if such events occurred more often than mere coincidence.
  • The SPR's founding in 1882 occurred during a period of significant societal change and scientific advancement, where people grappled with existential questions about the soul and the nature of reality, creating a fertile ground for paranormal interest.
  • The SPR's membership included prominent scientists like Crookes and Flammarion, who contributed to scientific advancements while also engaging with paranormal phenomena, highlighting a complex relationship between mainstream science and the supernatural in the 19th century.
  • Investigations into mediums like Paladino revealed that even when caught cheating, some individuals could still produce inexplicable phenomena under controlled conditions, suggesting that fraud does not always negate the possibility of genuine unexplained events.
  • The SPR's comprehensive archives, including member directories and detailed case files, provide a rich resource for understanding the historical landscape of paranormal investigation and the individuals involved, offering granular insights into their approaches.

Deep Dive

Ben Machell's "Chasing the Dark" chronicles the 120-year history of the Society for Psychical Research (SPR), an institution dedicated to scientifically investigating paranormal phenomena without pre-existing biases. The book's core argument is that the SPR's rigorous, yet open-minded, approach to the unexplained reveals a complex interplay between human psychology, cultural shifts, and the enduring fascination with the unknown, offering a unique historical lens on how society has grappled with questions science has historically struggled to answer.

The SPR's enduring significance lies in its methodical, evidence-based approach to phenomena that defy conventional scientific explanation. By meticulously logging and investigating claims of ghosts, psychic abilities, and other supernatural events, the SPR provides a historical archive of human experience with the uncanny. This approach, which neither outright dismisses nor uncritically accepts paranormal claims, fostered an environment where both believers and skeptics could contribute to research, as exemplified by figures like Tony Cornell. Cornell, a central figure in Machell's narrative, embodies the SPR's ideal investigator: skeptical by nature, yet open to phenomena that defied rational explanation, demonstrating a rare willingness to admit uncertainty rather than force conclusions. This commitment to empirical investigation, even when faced with baffling cases, highlights the SPR's role as a crucial, albeit often overlooked, contributor to understanding the boundaries of human perception and reality.

Furthermore, the book illustrates how the SPR's work intersected with broader scientific and cultural movements, particularly during the 19th century. The era's rapid scientific advancements, coupled with societal upheaval, created a fertile ground for spiritualism and paranormal inquiry. Prominent scientists and intellectuals, including Nobel laureates and figures like Winston Churchill, were members or proponents of the SPR, indicating that engagement with the supernatural was not confined to the fringe but was a subject of serious intellectual consideration. This historical context reveals a tension between established science, which often shied away from these topics, and a public eager for explanations beyond materialist frameworks. The SPR sought to bridge this gap, attempting to reconcile extraordinary personal experiences with scientific understanding, thereby providing a framework for exploring consciousness, the afterlife, and the nature of reality itself.

The SPR's methodology, particularly its investigation of "crisis cases" and its compilation of extensive data, underscores a sophisticated approach to understanding patterns in seemingly anomalous events. By analyzing tens of thousands of personal accounts and cross-referencing them with demographic data, the SPR aimed to identify phenomena occurring at rates beyond mere coincidence. This data-driven approach, even when applied to subjective experiences, highlights a commitment to scientific rigor. The book also delves into the complex nature of fraud within the paranormal field, demonstrating that even when mediums were caught cheating, their occasional inexplicable abilities under controlled conditions complicated definitive judgments. This nuance suggests that the SPR's investigations often revealed a murky landscape where genuine phenomena, psychological suggestion, and deliberate deception intertwined, making the investigators' role as objective arbiters exceptionally challenging and, at times, even "heroic."

Ultimately, "Chasing the Dark" argues that the SPR's legacy is not about proving or disproving the supernatural, but about meticulously documenting humanity's persistent quest to understand the unknown. The SPR's vast archive serves as a testament to this enduring human impulse, revealing how individuals and society at large have grappled with profound existential questions. The book's implication is that by studying the SPR's century-long endeavor, we gain a deeper appreciation for the limits of current scientific understanding and the complex, often paradoxical, ways humans confront the mysteries of existence, consciousness, and what might lie beyond death.

Action Items

  • Audit SPR archives: Analyze 5-10 case files for recurring patterns in reported phenomena (crisis cases, apparitions) to identify commonalities beyond individual accounts.
  • Create SPR-style investigation template: Define 5 key data points for spontaneous cases (witness demographics, environmental factors, temporal correlations) to standardize future data collection.
  • Measure SPR member engagement: Track 3-5 historical SPR presidents' publications or documented investigations to assess their depth of engagement with paranormal phenomena.
  • Evaluate SPR's historical methodology: Analyze 2-3 documented SPR investigations to identify strengths and weaknesses in their approach to scientific inquiry in paranormal research.

Key Quotes

"The society for psychical research which maybe it's easier to call the SPR just for yeah I came across the SPR kind of back from because I'd come across one of their members first this guy Tony Cornell who I suppose he's the the main character protagonist of the book I've written but he was himself a member of the SPR so it was really through him that I got to know more about the SPR and what they had hoped to do and still hope to do they're an amazing group effectively they are neither for or against the idea that these things exist they simply are logging and investigating claims and trying to work out the science of it and and they and they have believers and they have skeptics amongst them."

Ben Machell explains that the Society for Psychical Research (SPR) operates as a neutral investigative body. Machell highlights that the SPR's core function is to log and investigate paranormal claims without pre-judging whether they are real or not, incorporating both believers and skeptics within its membership.


"I mean one of the main things to understand about the SPR is that they have no court of review so it's in some ways as you say it's full of individuals with their own beliefs their own experiences their own prejudices and all the rest of it which is kind of what makes it so interesting you know they're not there to pronounce and say hey we the SPR have kind of looked at everything with really confident that ghosts exist or telekinesis something like that it's a place where people can compare the research they've done the experiences they've had and in a scientific way really kind of mull it over and and exchange information."

Machell emphasizes the SPR's lack of a definitive ruling body, which he finds contributes to its unique interest. He explains that this structure allows for a diverse exchange of research and experiences among members, fostering a scientific approach to examining paranormal phenomena without imposing a singular conclusion.


"I mean little facts like the SPR were the first people to publish Sigmund Freud in English the first ever publication that included his work I love this little fact that you have in a chapter about this territory Winston Churchill promised the SPR that should he be killed while he was acting as a reporter he would endeavor to contact them via a seance he would try and come and break through the veil of death so so great that everyone was a part of like the as it were science of this."

Machell shares intriguing historical details about the SPR's influence and notable associations. He points out their role in publishing Sigmund Freud in English and recounts Winston Churchill's promise to contact them from beyond the grave, illustrating the broad range of prominent figures engaged with the society's work.


"And what you realize what I've come to realize is that as opposed to it being this binary for so many people at this point in time you could kind of pick and choose you could have a an interest in this area and you're not committed to anything it's not a church you know there's not a creed you know if you're interested in spiritualism and the possibilities that there's a deeper level to reality that we are on the cusp of you know better understanding then you know it was kind of up to you the degree to which you engaged with that."

Machell describes the flexible nature of engaging with spiritualism during the SPR's era. He explains that individuals could explore an interest in the supernatural without requiring absolute commitment, likening it to a personal exploration rather than adherence to a strict doctrine.


"I mean pretty amazing yeah yeah totally and and these people particularly the SPR members like Tony Cornell who did in the spontaneous cases which is what they called strange happenings that take place out in everyday life you know I suppose as distinct from laboratory research or theoretical stuff you know that directory is for people who you know have a poltergeist or suspect that they have a poltergeist or you know have experienced a series of uncanny coincidences that they need someone from the outside to come in yeah it's so cool."

Machell highlights the practical application of the SPR's work through its members like Tony Cornell. He explains that "spontaneous cases" refer to unusual events occurring in daily life, and the SPR's directory connected individuals experiencing such phenomena with investigators who could offer external assessment.


"I mean that's the point of the book like of course you know it's all part of the fun to me and and the interest is you know not whether these phenomena are necessarily real it's what happens to people when they spend so much of their life exposed to this world what happens when you spend so much of your life in this uncertain space you must have seen both versions of that one where people get completely lost but also the ones where you can just keep a rational brain about the whole thing and just enjoy the information for what it is yeah completely."

Machell articulates his central interest in writing about the supernatural. He states that his focus is less on proving the phenomena themselves and more on exploring the psychological impact on individuals who dedicate their lives to investigating this uncertain realm, observing both those who become lost and those who maintain rationality.

Resources

External Resources

Books

  • "Chasing the Dark: Encounters With The Supernatural" by Ben Machell - Mentioned as the primary subject of discussion, detailing the history of psychic and paranormal phenomena and the Society for Psychical Research.
  • "The Unusual Suspect" by Ben Machell - Mentioned as Ben Machell's previous book, a true-crime story.

Articles & Papers

  • "The Journal of the Society for Psychical Research" - Mentioned as a series of booklets containing research on paranormal phenomena, discovered by the host.

People

  • Ben Machell - Author of "Chasing the Dark," journalist, and literary explorer of the uncanny.
  • Tony Cornell - Member of the Society for Psychical Research and the main character of Machell's book, investigated paranormal claims.
  • Dan Schreiber - Host of the podcast "We Can Be Weirdos."
  • Cassie Merritt - Producer of the podcast episode.
  • Ben Tulloh - Senior Producer of the podcast episode.
  • Al Riddel - Head of Podcasts.
  • Craig Glenday - Editor-in-chief of Guinness World Records, who provided Machell with books on the paranormal.
  • Winston Churchill - Mentioned for promising the SPR he would attempt to contact them from beyond the grave if he died.
  • Colonel Percy Fawcett - Explorer who went missing searching for the lost city of Z, known for using a Ouija board for target location.
  • Colin Wilson - Author whose home address was listed in the SPR member directory.
  • Rupert Sheldrake - Mentioned as having his home address listed in the SPR member directory.
  • Sigmund Freud - Mentioned as having his work first published in English by the SPR.
  • Crookes - Mentioned as a president of the SPR who believed in a psychic force and contributed to science, potentially as a precursor to the X-ray.
  • Tingle - Mentioned in the context of scientific changes in the 19th century.
  • Darwin - Mentioned in the context of scientific changes in the 19th century.
  • Eusapia Palladino - Medium investigated by the SPR, known for extraordinary phenomena and alleged trickery.
  • Marie Curie - Mentioned as a prominent figure in science who was interested in figures like Palladino.
  • Jacques Roche - Mentioned as a prominent figure in science who was interested in figures like Palladino.
  • The Crewe Sisters - Sisters investigated by the SPR for apparent telepathy, who were later caught using eye signals.
  • The Fox Sisters - Mentioned as foundational to spiritualism in America.
  • Arthur Conan Doyle - Mentioned in relation to two sisters who claimed to have been photographed with fairies.
  • Pierre Curie - Mentioned for writing an account of an investigation with Palladino where he found no evidence of trickery.
  • Emperor - Artist whose song "Cosmos" is the theme tune for the podcast.
  • Nick Lennon - Mentioned in the special thanks.
  • John Noll - Mentioned in the special thanks.

Organizations & Institutions

  • Society for Psychical Research (SPR) - An institution that logs and investigates paranormal claims without being strictly skeptical or believing, with a history dating back to 1882.
  • Guinness World Records - Mentioned in relation to Craig Glenday.
  • Global Player Original - Production company for the podcast.

Websites & Online Resources

  • https://www.instagram.com/schreiberland/?hl=en-gb - Instagram profile for Dan Schreiber, mentioned in the host's bio.

Other Resources

  • Funtefunsup - Described as strange, atavistic-looking tokens sold to soldiers as good luck charms during World War I.
  • Crisis Cases - Investigations by the SPR into spontaneous paranormal events, particularly seeing living people who later turn out to have died or been close to death.
  • Automatic Authorship / Automatic Art - Topics listed in the SPR member directory for investigation.
  • Dreaming / Lucid Dreaming - Topics listed in the SPR member directory for investigation.
  • Near Death Experiences (NDEs) - Topics listed in the SPR member directory for investigation.
  • Out of Body Experiences (OBEs) - Topics listed in the SPR member directory for investigation.
  • Mediumship Message Boards - Online forums where Ben Machell spent time exploring the world of mediums.
  • Ouija Board - A tool mentioned in relation to Colonel Percy Fawcett and spiritualism.
  • Spiritualism - A belief system and cultural phenomenon of the 19th century, investigated by the SPR.
  • Telepathy - A psi phenomenon investigated by the SPR.
  • Psi Phenomena - General term for psychic phenomena investigated by the SPR.
  • Communal Aspect to Human Consciousness - A concept discussed as a potential explanation for apparitions and paranormal experiences.
  • Cloud / Wi-Fi Analogy for Consciousness - An analogy used to describe a potential communal aspect of human consciousness.

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