Mobile Voting's Potential to Reduce Polarization Versus Security Risks
TL;DR
- Higher voter turnout, enabled by mobile voting, shifts political incentives from catering to extreme primary voters to addressing mainstream concerns, thereby reducing polarization and fostering compromise.
- Mobile voting aims to combat voter suppression by offering a more accessible, convenient method, particularly benefiting groups like rural residents, deployed military, and people with disabilities.
- Bradley Tusk's mobile voting system employs multi-factor authentication and biometric screening to verify voter identity, followed by encryption and anonymization of ballots before decryption and printing.
- The proposed mobile voting system provides voters with a tracking code to monitor their ballot's journey from submission to tabulation, enhancing transparency and confidence in election results.
- Skeptics like Professor Andrew Appel argue that Tusk's published technology does not yet prove internet voting is secure, citing concerns about ballot checks and dispute resolution protocols.
- Tusk counters that the risks of malware in mobile voting are comparable to existing voting method failures and advocates for allowing cities to opt-in to local municipal elections.
Deep Dive
Bradley Tusk's Mobile Voting Project proposes a radical overhaul of American democracy, arguing that widespread adoption of smartphone voting is the only viable path to end political polarization. By drastically increasing voter turnout, Tusk contends that elected officials would be incentivized to appeal to a broader, more moderate electorate rather than catering to the ideological extremes that dominate low-turnout primaries. While Tusk has invested heavily in developing a purportedly secure mobile voting system, it faces significant skepticism from election security experts who cite the inherent risks of internet-based voting.
The core argument for mobile voting rests on its potential to fundamentally alter political incentives. Current low primary turnout, often around 10%, means candidates primarily answer to a vocal, ideologically driven minority. This forces politicians to maintain purity rather than pursue compromise, exacerbating polarization. Tusk posits that if voting were as accessible as banking or healthcare via smartphone, turnout in primaries could rise to 30-40%, creating an electorate representative of the mainstream. This shift, he argues, would compel politicians to seek common ground and address broader public concerns, thereby reducing partisan gridlock. Support for this initiative, according to Tusk's polling, is high among those who find current voting methods difficult, including individuals in rural areas, deployed military personnel, people with disabilities, and Gen Z, as well as civil rights advocates who view it as an anti-voter suppression tool.
Despite Tusk's philanthropic investment of over $20 million and the development of a system involving multi-factor authentication, biometric screening, encryption, anonymization, and a printed paper backup, significant security concerns persist. Experts like Princeton's Professor Andrew Appel maintain that internet voting, as of 2018 and still in 2025 according to his assessment, is not securable by currently known technology. Appel points to potential vulnerabilities in ballot checks, dispute resolution protocols, and the pervasive risk of malware, arguing that Tusk's system does not fundamentally overcome these challenges. Tusk counters that his system provides voters with a tracking code to verify receipt and tabulation, and that the proposed system would be an optional addition to existing voting methods, initially limited to local municipal elections. He advocates for a trial-and-error approach, believing that refusing to explore technological solutions due to perceived risks is a disservice to democratic potential.
Ultimately, Tusk's vision presents a stark trade-off: the potential for a less polarized, more representative democracy versus the deeply ingrained security risks associated with internet-based voting. The success of his initiative hinges on convincing a skeptical public and a wary election establishment that his technological solution can overcome decades of expert warnings about the insecurity of online voting. The critical implication is that if Tusk's system or similar innovations cannot demonstrably achieve a high level of public trust and verifiable security, the existing, albeit imperfect, voting infrastructure will remain the default, and the cycle of polarization Tusk seeks to break will likely continue.
Action Items
- Audit authentication flow: Check for three vulnerability classes (SQL injection, XSS, CSRF) across 10 endpoints to prevent unauthorized access.
- Draft runbook template: Define 5 required sections (setup, common failures, rollback, monitoring) to prevent knowledge silos for voting system maintenance.
- Implement mutation testing: Target 3 core modules of the voting app to identify untested edge cases beyond basic coverage metrics.
- Track 5-10 high-variance events per election cycle (e.g., system outages, successful phishing attempts) to measure impact on voter trust.
- Measure voting system disconnect: For 3-5 municipal elections, calculate correlation between reported turnout and actual voter participation metrics.
Key Quotes
"I think the only way to change and end the polarization is to have meaningfully higher turnout and the only way to do that especially for state and local elections where people just aren't that focused is to bring voting to where the people are and where they live their lives and that's on their phones."
Bradley Tusk argues that increased voter turnout is the key to reducing political polarization. Tusk believes that bringing voting to people's phones, where they already conduct many aspects of their lives, is the most effective method to achieve this higher turnout, particularly for less-followed state and local elections.
"We've polled this a bunch of times in different places and what's interesting is before 2020 the results were very consistent across democrats independents and republicans we're about 75 said yes if it is secure we should have this after 2020 we stayed in the mid 70s with independents and democrats but then fell into the 40s with republicans because trump falsely arguing that he was you know the election was stolen from him in 2020 but that did resonate with a lot of republicans."
Tusk highlights a shift in public opinion regarding secure online voting following the 2020 election. Tusk notes that while support remained high among Democrats and Independents, Republican support decreased significantly, which Tusk attributes to former President Trump's unsubstantiated claims of election fraud.
"The first thing is multi factor authentication so that's just like when you forget your google password they send you a code you put it into the app the second thing is biometric screening so take a scan of your face now we've established i'm really me the ballot appears on my screen whenever i'm done and i'm ready to submit three things happen first my ballot is encrypted second it's anonymized and third i get a tracking code like if it were a fedex package."
Tusk explains the security features of his proposed mobile voting system, emphasizing multi-factor authentication and biometric screening to verify voter identity. Tusk details that after submission, the ballot is encrypted, anonymized, and assigned a tracking code, similar to package tracking, to ensure security and transparency.
"The report from the national academies of sciences engineering and medicine published in 2018 and i was one of the co authors of that report said that as of 2018 internet voting was not securable by any currently known technology didn't say it would never ever be possible it's still true in 2025 that there's no they will do it so he read everything that you all have published he wrote a blog post laying out a bunch of issues that he saw with it have you seen the blog post and do you have any response to that i have and and and i i just think he got a lot of it wrong."
Professor Andrew Appel expresses skepticism about the security of internet voting, referencing a 2018 report that stated it was not securable with existing technology. Tusk responds to Appel's concerns, asserting that Appel's assessment is largely incorrect and that his project has addressed the identified shortcomings.
"Let cities opt into it if they want to so they don't even have to if they choose to it would be one of several forms of voting and uh it would only apply to the most you know local municipal elections and see what works and go from there to deny ourselves that opportunity and to keep the system the way it is when the technology exists it's built i paid for it it's free i'm giving it away just doesn't make any sense."
Tusk proposes a phased approach for implementing mobile voting, suggesting that cities should have the option to opt-in for local municipal elections. Tusk argues against maintaining the status quo when functional technology exists and is being offered freely, stating that denying this opportunity is illogical.
Resources
External Resources
Books
- "The Report of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine" (2018) - Referenced as a source stating that internet voting was not securable by any currently known technology as of 2018.
Articles & Papers
- Blog post by Professor Andrew Appel - Discussed as a critique of the mobile voting technology, outlining perceived shortcomings.
People
- Bradley Tusk - Entrepreneur, political strategist, and philanthropist advocating for online voting technology.
- Miles Parks - NPR host of "Consider This" who interviewed Bradley Tusk.
- Bill Gardner - Former New Hampshire Secretary of State, quoted on the security of paper ballots.
- Professor Andrew Appel - Computer scientist and expert from Princeton University, skeptical of mobile voting technology.
- Avery Keatley - Producer of the "Consider This" episode.
- Ben Swasey - Editor of the "Consider This" episode.
- Sarah Robbins - Editor of the "Consider This" episode.
- Sami Yenigun - Executive producer of the "Consider This" episode.
Organizations & Institutions
- NPR - The public radio network producing the "Consider This" podcast.
- Mobile Voting Project - Organization founded by Bradley Tusk, pushing for technology upgrades in American democracy.
- New York City Board of Elections - Mentioned as an example of an entity that would provide a voting app.
- Princeton University - Institution where Professor Andrew Appel is affiliated.
- National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine - Organization that published a report on internet voting security.
- Amnesty International - Organization mentioned in a sponsorship message.
- Capital One - Company mentioned in a sponsorship message.
- Mint Mobile - Company mentioned in sponsorship messages.
- Rosetta Stone - Company mentioned in a sponsorship message.
Websites & Online Resources
- plus.npr.org - Website mentioned for signing up for sponsor-free episodes of "Consider This."
- podcastchoices.com/adchoices - Website mentioned for learning more about sponsor message choices.
- npr.org/about-npr/179878450/privacy-policy - Website mentioned for NPR's privacy policy.
- mobilevotingproject.com - Website for the Mobile Voting Project, mentioned as having a statement about fixing politics through phone voting.
- capitalone.com - Website mentioned for Capital One terms and details.
- mintmobile.com - Website mentioned for switching to Mint Mobile plans.
- amnestyusa.org - Website mentioned for donating to Amnesty International.
- rosettastone.com - Website mentioned for learning more about Rosetta Stone.
Other Resources
- Paper ballots - Discussed as a secure and verifiable method of voting.
- Internet voting - The core technology discussed as a potential method for increasing voter turnout.
- Smartphone voting - Presented as a means to increase voter turnout and reduce political polarization.
- Multi-factor authentication - A security measure discussed for online voting.
- Biometric screening - A security measure discussed for online voting.
- Encryption - A security measure discussed for online voting.
- Anonymization - A security measure discussed for online voting.
- Tracking code - A feature discussed for online voting to track ballot status.
- Air gapping - A security process discussed for handling ballots offline.
- Malware - A risk discussed in relation to internet and mobile voting.